Economic Meltdown
Averted or Just Delayed?

Financials need at least $1-1.2 trillion: analyst
Reuters

(Reuters) - The U.S. financial system still needs at least $1 trillion to $1.2 trillion of tangible common equity to restore confidence and improve liquidity in the credit markets, Friedman Billings Ramsey analyst Paul Miller said.

However, veteran banking analyst Richard Bove contradicted the idea of raising tangible common equity as a measure to improve liquidity.

"There seems to be no discernable reason why tangible common equity is a relevant indicator of anything other than market participants think it should be," Bove said in a note to clients.

"If a bank is to be liquidated and its businesses sold off, those businesses associated with the intangibles are likely to bring a much higher price than the businesses backed by tangible assets," he wrote in a note on Thursday.

"In sum, the whole furor of tangible common equity makes no sense to me."

However, FBR's Miller said in his note dated November 19 that the only solution for the global crisis was injections of true tangible common equity. "Debt or TARP capital is not true capital. Long-term debt financing is not the solution."

Eight financial companies -- Citigroup Inc (C.N: Quote, Profile, Research, Stock Buzz), Morgan Stanley (MS.N: Quote, Profile, Research, Stock Buzz), Goldman Sachs Group Inc (GS.N: Quote, Profile, Research, Stock Buzz), Wells Fargo & Co (WFC.N: Quote, Profile, Research, Stock Buzz), JPMorgan Chase & Co (JPM.N: Quote, Profile, Research, Stock Buzz), American International Group Inc (AIG.N: Quote, Profile, Research, Stock Buzz), Bank of America Corp (BAC.N: Quote, Profile, Research, Stock Buzz) and GE Financial -- are in greatest need of capital, Miller said.

Combined, these eight companies have roughly $12.2 trillion of assets and only $406 billion of tangible common capital, or just 3.4 percent, the analyst said in his note to clients.

Miller said these institutions need somewhere between $1 trillion and $1.2trillion of capital to put their balance sheets back on solid ground and begin to extend credit again, given their dependence on short-term funding and the illiquid nature of their asset bases.

Since the summer of 2007, Wall Street has been hammered by a sharp pullback in debt markets, which began with mortgage woes and escalated into a credit crisis, slowing economic activity around the world.

Currently, the U.S. financial system has $37 trillion of debt outstanding, Miller noted.

RECAPITALIZATION NEEDS

The bulk of the capital will have to come from the U.S. government, Miller said. The government needs to take the initial steps to begin the process, and private capital and earnings can finish the job.

"The quicker the government acts, the sooner the financial system can work through its current problems and begin to supply credit again to the economy," he said.

The U.S. government must declare a bank-dividend holiday and convert the TARP funding into pure tangible common equity to get the credit markets functioning.

Also, the government should support a centralized CDS clearinghouse that backstops all transactions and eliminates the cross-default problem, the analyst said.

Top U.S. financial regulators said on Friday they were working on developing a centralized clearinghouse for credit default swaps, the exotic instruments that have exacerbated the financial crisis of recent months.

The weakened economy and global credit crisis had pushed the U.S. government into bailing out companies including insurer AIG, investment bank Bear Stearns, and mortgage companies Fannie Mae (FNM.N: Quote, Profile, Research, Stock Buzz) and Freddie Mac (FRE.N: Quote, Profile, Research, Stock Buzz).

Regulators have also shown a willingness this year to intervene when banks appeared to struggle. They pushed Wachovia Corp (WB.N: Quote, Profile, Research, Stock Buzz) into finding a buyer and arranged for JPMorgan to buy Washington Mutual Inc's (WAMUQ.PK: Quote, Profile, Research, Stock Buzz) banking assets after worried customers began to yank deposits.

Miller, however, said it could take three to five years for the financial system to fix itself completely, with adequate capital and appropriately priced interest rate and credit risk.

(Reporting by Neha Singh and Anurag Kotoky in Bangalore; Editing by Vinu Pilakkott, Himani Sarkar)